Cited 0 times in
Effect of mitochondrial respiratory defecton hepatocellular carcinoma :Involvement of mtOGG1 and NUPR1
DC Field | Value | Language |
---|---|---|
dc.contributor.advisor | 윤, 계순 | - |
dc.contributor.author | 이, 영경 | - |
dc.date.accessioned | 2014-11-11T06:10:06Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2014-11-11T06:10:06Z | - |
dc.date.issued | 2014 | - |
dc.identifier.uri | http://repository.ajou.ac.kr/handle/201003/10873 | - |
dc.description.abstract | Many solid tumor cells exhibit mitochondrial respiratory impairment. However, the mechanisms of such impairments in cancer development remain unclear. In this study, to investigate an effect of mitochondrial dysfunction on hepatocellular carcinoma, the two projects were studied. The first project was to prove the involvement of mitochondrial DNA repair enzyme in hepatoma cell growth. To address this, it was employed several SNU hepatoma cells, which had been classified as harboring mitochondrial respiratory defects or not in a previous study. Interestingly, SNU cells with declined mitochondrial respiratory activity showed decreased expression of mitochondrial 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase/lyase (mtOGG1), a mitochondrial DNA repair enzyme; similar results were obtained with human hepatocellular carcinoma tissues. Among several OGG1-2 variants with a mitochondrialtargeting sequence (OGG1-2a, -2b, -2c, -2d, and -2e), OGG1-2a was the major mitochondrial isoform in all examined hepatoma cells. Interestingly, hepatoma cells with low mtOGG1 levels showed delayed cell growth and increased intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Knockdown of OGG1-2 isoforms in Chang cells, which have active mitochondrial respiration with high mtOGG1 levels, significantly decreased cellular respiration and cell growth, and increased intracellular ROS. Overexpression of OGG1-2a in SNU423 cells, which have low mtOGG1 levels, effectively recovered cellular respiration and cell growth activities, and decreased intracellular ROS. Taken together, these results suggest that mtOGG1 plays an important role in maintaining mitochondrial respiration, thereby contributing to cell growth of hepatoma cells. The second project was to identify major genes to control hepatoma cell invasiveness in response to mitochondrial respiratory defects. To address this, cDNA microarray was performed using SNU hepatoma cells with and without mitochondrial defects. Interestingly, functional enrichment analysis showed that 1423 commonly up-regulated genes in the hepatoma cells with mitochondrial defects were mainly linked with cell migration and actin organization. To further identify genes that are specifically up-regulated in response to mitochondrial respiratory defects, additional mitochondrial defects models were employed using respiratory inhibitors and mitochondrial DNA depletion (Rho 0). Among 10 genes commonly up-regulated in the three models, three transcription factors, NUPR1, NFIX, and NFE2L1, were further evaluated. All three transcription factors were involved in hepatoma cell invasiveness. Interestingly, NFIX induction was mediated by ROS, whereas NUPR1 and NFE2L1 expressions were mediated by Ca++ increase. Next, granulin (GRN) was identified as a potential downstream target of NUPR1 by employing the cDNA microarray analysis of siRNA-mediated NUPR1-depleted SNU354 cell. Finally, GRN was proved to be a critical molecule to regulate hepatoma cell invasiveness. Taken together, these results suggested that NUPR1 is a key mitochondrial retrograde Ca++ signal-responsive transcription factor to control hepatoma cell invasiveness. | - |
dc.description.abstract | 미토콘드리아는 에너지 대사와 세포사멸에 중요한 역할을 하는 세포소기관으로, 정상세포에서의 미토콘드리아 기능이상은 세포에 치명적이다. 반면 악성화된 암세포에서는 미토콘드리아의 DNA 결핍 및 기능이상이 있다는 사실이 많이 보고 되어있다. 그러나 암세포의 악성화를 유도하는 분자기전은 명확히 밝혀진 바가 없다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 암세포의 미토콘드리아 기능이상과 그에 따른 암세포, 특히 간암세포의 악성화와의 관계에 대해 연구하였다. 먼저 미토콘드리아 DNA의 손상이 암세포의 성장에 미치는 영향에 대해 연구하였다. 미토콘드리아는 핵과 달리 DNA 수복체계가 다양하지 않고 염기절제회복 (Base excision repair) 과정이 주로 작동한다. 이 과정에 관여하는 효소 중 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase (OGG1) 은 핵뿐만 아니라 미토콘드리아에도 위치한다는 보고가 있다. 미토콘드리아 기능 이상이 확인된 간암세포에서 미토콘드리아 OGG1 (mtOGG1)의 발현이 낮은 것을 확인하였다. 그리고 mtOGG1의 mRNA 동종 (isotype) 중 OGG1-2a 가 주로 발현된다는 것을 확인 하였다. mtOGG1의 발현이 높은 Chang-L 세포주에 siRNA를 이용하여 발현을 저하 시켰을 때 산소 호흡율, 활성산소 생성 정도를 측정한 결과 미토콘드리아 기능이상이 유도되었고 세포 성장률의 저하를 확인하였다. 그리고 mtOGG1의 발현이 높다고 확인된 간암 세포주인 SNU423에 mtOGG1을 과발현 시킨 결과 미토콘드리아 기능저하와 지연된 세포 성장률이 회복되는 것을 확인하였다. 이상의 결과로 mtOGG1은 미토콘드리아 기능유지에 관여를 하며 나아가 간암세포성장에도 관여를 한다는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 두번째로 간암세포의 악성화에 관여하는 미토콘드리아 기능이상에 의해 발생되는 신호체계에 대해 연구하였다. 이 신호는 역행성 신호전달 (Retrograde signaling)로 명명된다. 미토콘드리아 기능이상 모델 (미토콘드리아 기능이상이 확인된 간암세포, 미토콘드리아 호흡사슬 저해제를 처리한 세포, 그리고 미토콘드리아 DNA가 결핍된 세포에서 공통적으로 발현이 증가하는 유전자를 cDNA microarray를 통해 확인하였다. 실험결과, 공통적으로 mRNA발현이 증가된 유전자 중 세 개의 유전자인 NUPR1, NFIX, NFE2L1에 흥미를 가졌다. 이 세가지 유전자의 발현을 저하시켰을 때 암세포의 침윤 (Invasion) 능력이 저하되는 것을 확인하였다. 그리고 미토콘드리아 기능이상에 의해 방출되는 신호 중 활성산소에 의해 NFIX가, 칼슘에 의해 NUPR1과 NFE2L1의 발현이 조절되는 것을 확인하였다. 마지막으로 NUPR1이 Granulin (GRN)의 발현을 조절하여 간암세포의 침윤능력에 영향을 미친다는 사실을 확인하였다. 이를 통해 NUPR1은 칼슘이 매개된 역행성 신호전달에 의해 간암세포의 침윤능력을 조절하는 중요한 인자임을 확인하였다. 이상의 결과를 통해 본 연구결과는 미토콘드리아 기능 이상에 의한 암의 악성화 기전을 이해하는데 기여할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다. | - |
dc.description.tableofcontents | ABSTRACT i
TABLE OF CONTENTSiii LIST OF FIGURES vi LIST OF TABLES viii I. INTRODUCTION 1 II. Decreased mitochondrial OGG1 expression is linked to mitochondrial defects and delayed hepatoma cell growth 11 A. INTRODUCTION 12 B. MATERIALS AND METHODS 14 1. Cell cultures, cell growth rate and tumor samples 14 2. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) 14 3. Construction of mtOGG1 cDNA plasmids and transfection of cDNA plasmids and siRNAs 15 4. Endogenous cellular oxygen consumption rate 15 5. Estimation of intracellular and mitochondrial ROS level 16 6. Subcellular fractionation 16 7. Total genomic DNA isolation and sequencing of mitochondrial DNA fragments 17 8. Southern blot analysis of mtDNA 17 9. Western blot analysis 18 C. RESULTS 19 1. Decreased mtOGG1 expression is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction in hepatoma cells and tissues. 19 2. OGG1-2a is the major mitochondrial-targeting OGG1 in Chang-L and hepatoma cells. 25 3. mtOGG1 suppression decreases mitochondrial respiration and cell growth rate, and increases intracellular ROS level. 30 4. mtOGG1 overexpression recovered mitochondrial respiration and cell growth rate, and decreased intracellular ROS level in SNU423 cells. 34 D. DISCUSSION 37 III. Key mitochondrial retrograde signal-responsive transcription factors to control hepatoma cell invasiveness 39 A. INTRODUCTION 40 B. MATERIALS AND METHODS 42 1. Cell cultures, cell growth rate and tumor samples 42 2. Production of recombinant lentiviruses harboring target shRNAs and generation of cell clones stably expressing target shRNAs 42 3. Construction of recombinant cDNA plasmids and transfection of cDNA plasmids and siRNAs 43 4. Measurement of cellular oxygen consumption rate 44 5. Measurement of intracellular ROS and calcium levels 44 6. Cell invasion assay 44 7. Gene expression profiling and data analysis 45 8. Real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) 46 C. RESULTS 47 1. Ten genes were identified as possible mitochondrial retrograde signalresponsive genes to be involved in hepatoma cell invasion activity 47 2. Commonly up-regulated three transcription factors are truly involved in hepatoma cell invasion activity 54 3. NFIX expression is controlled by ROS 57 4. NUPR1 and NFE2L1 are regulated by cytosolic Ca++ increase 61 5. Granulin is a key downstream target molecule induced by NUPR1, thereby controlling hepatoma cell invasion activity. 66 D. DISCUSSION 71 IV. CONCLUSION 74 V. REFFERENCE 75 국문요약 84 | - |
dc.format | application/pdf | - |
dc.language.iso | en | - |
dc.title | Effect of mitochondrial respiratory defecton hepatocellular carcinoma :Involvement of mtOGG1 and NUPR1 | - |
dc.title.alternative | 미토콘드리아 기능이상이 간암세포에 미치는 영향: mtOGG1과 NUPR1의 역할 규명 | - |
dc.type | Thesis | - |
dc.identifier.url | http://dcoll.ajou.ac.kr:9080/dcollection/jsp/common/DcLoOrgPer.jsp?sItemId=000000017778 | - |
dc.subject.keyword | Mitochondrial dysfunction | - |
dc.subject.keyword | Tumorigenesis | - |
dc.subject.keyword | 8-oxoguanine dehydrogenase (OGG1) | - |
dc.subject.keyword | Mitochondrial retrograde signaling | - |
dc.subject.keyword | NUPR1 | - |
dc.subject.keyword | Granulin (GRN) | - |
dc.subject.keyword | 미토콘드리아 기능이상 | - |
dc.subject.keyword | 암의 악성화 | - |
dc.subject.keyword | 역행성 신호전달(Retrograde signaling) | - |
dc.description.degree | Doctor | - |
dc.contributor.department | 대학원 의생명과학과 | - |
dc.contributor.affiliatedAuthor | 이, 영경 | - |
dc.date.awarded | 2014 | - |
dc.type.local | Theses | - |
dc.citation.date | 2014 | - |
dc.embargo.liftdate | 9999-12-31 | - |
dc.embargo.terms | 9999-12-31 | - |
Items in DSpace are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise indicated.