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Inhibition of Cathepsin S Induces Mitochondrial ROS That Sensitizes TRAIL-Mediated Apoptosis Through p53-Mediated Downregulation of Bcl-2 and c-FLIP

Authors
Seo, BR | Min, KJ | Woo, SM | Choe, M | Choi, KS  | Lee, YK  | Yoon, G  | Kwon, TK
Citation
Antioxidants & redox signaling, 27(4). : 215-233, 2017
Journal Title
Antioxidants & redox signaling
ISSN
1523-08641557-7716
Abstract
AIMS: Cathepsin S is highly expressed in various cancer cells, and it has protumoral effects, including promotion of migration, invasion, and neovascularization. In this study, we show that inhibition of cathepsin S could sensitize cancer cells to tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)-mediated apoptosis.
RESULTS: An inhibitor of cathepsin S (Z-FL-COCHO: ZFL) markedly induced apoptosis in human renal cancer cells treated with TRAIL. In contrast, combined treatment with ZFL and TRAIL had no effect on normal cells. ZFL downregulated Bcl-2 expression at the transcriptional level in a p53-dependent manner, and overexpression of Bcl-2 also markedly blocked apoptosis induced by combined treatment with ZFL and TRAIL. In addition, ZFL induced downregulation of c-FLIP, and overexpression of c-FLIP blocked the apoptosis induced by ZFL plus TRAIL. Moreover, ZFL increased the expression of Cbl, an E3 ligase of c-FLIP, in a p53-dependent manner, and knockdown of Cbl markedly prevented c-FLIP downregulation and the apoptosis induced by ZFL plus TRAIL. Interestingly, ZFL induced p53 expression via production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS). We also demonstrated that downregulation of cathepsin S by small interfering RNA sensitized TRAIL-mediated apoptosis in Caki cells.
INNOVATION: These results reveal the importance of cathepsin S on resistance against TRAIL, and inhibition of cathepsin S activity plays a crucial role in TRAIL-mediated cell death of cancer cells.
CONCLUSION: Our results indicated that inhibition of cathepsin S stimulates TRAIL-induced apoptosis through downregulation of Bcl-2 and Cbl-mediated c-FLIP by ROS-mediated p53 expression.
MeSH

DOI
10.1089/ars.2016.6749
PMID
27927016
Appears in Collections:
Journal Papers > School of Medicine / Graduate School of Medicine > Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Journal Papers > Research Organization > Inflamm-aging Translational Research Center
Ajou Authors
윤, 계순  |  이, 영경  |  최, 경숙
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