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Celastrol induces paraptosis-like cell death via mitochondrial Ca2+ overload in breast cancer cells

DC Field Value Language
dc.contributor.author이, 아름-
dc.date.accessioned2013-12-16-
dc.date.available2013-12-16-
dc.date.issued2013-
dc.identifier.urihttp://repository.ajou.ac.kr/handle/201003/8612-
dc.description.abstractVarious cancer cells are resistant to chemotherapeutic drugs-induced apoptosis. Thus, cancer cells that have acquired resistance to apoptosis need novel strategies for inducing non-apoptotic cell death. Paraptosis is a kind of non-apoptotic cell death and characterized by extensive vacuolization due to dilation of mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). However, the regulatory mechanisms that control paraptotic events are not yet fully understood. Recently, we found that celastrol, a triterpene extracted from the Chinese “Thunder of God Vine”, induced paraptosis accompanied by dilation of mitochondria and the ER in MDA-MB 435S and MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Inhibition of protein synthesis by cycloheximide blocked celastrol-induced vacuolation and subsequent cell death indicating that protein synthesis is required for this process. Generation of reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial Ca²⁺ overload was shown to act as a critical early signal in celastrol-induced paraptosis-like cell death contributing to the dilation of mitochondria/ER and subsequent paraptotic cell death. Inhibition of mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter employing ruthenium red and IP₃ receptor employing 2-APB very effectively blocked celastrol-induced paraptosis-like cell death. Taken together, our results suggest that Ca²⁺ overload into the mitochondria via mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter and IP3 receptor critically contribute to celastrol-induced paraptosis-like cell death.-
dc.description.abstract다양한 암세포들이 화학 항암 요법에 의해 유도되는 apoptosis에 내성을 가지고 있다. 따라서, apoptosis에 저항성을 가지고 있는 암세포들의 효과적인 치료를 위해서는 non-apoptosis를 통한 새로운 세포 사멸을 유도해야 한다. Paraptosis는 non-apoptotic 세포 사멸의 한 종류로서, ER 과 mitochondria 의 과도한 swelling 을 동반한다. 그러나, paraptosis를 조절하는 mechanism 에 대해서 자세히 밝혀져 있지 않다. Celastrol은 “Tripterygium wilfordii (Thunder of God vine)”이라는 식물에서 추출한 triterpene 물질이며, 본 연구에서 유방암 세포인 MDA-MB 435S 와 MCF-7에 celastrol을 처리할 경우 mitochondria 와 ER 팽창을 동반한 paraptosis가 유도되었다. Paraptosis는 새로운 단백질의 합성이 필요하며, 단백질 합성을 저해하는 cycloheximide를 처리할 경우, celastrol에 의해 유도된 vacuoles 과 세포 사멸이 억제되었다. 또한 celastrol을 처리할 경우 활성 산소종과 mitochondria 내 칼슘이온이 과도하게 증가하였다. Celastrol에 의해 유도는 활성 산소종과 mitochondria 내 칼슘이온의 과도한 증가는 mitochondria와 ER 의 팽창, 그리고 paraptosis 세포 사멸에 중요한 초기 신호로 작용한다. Mitochondria 칼슘이온 uniporter 저해제인 ruthenium red 와 IP3 receptor의 저해제인 2-APB를 처리할 경우에 celastrol에 의해 유도된 paraptosis 세포 사멸이 억제되었다. 따라서, 본 연구에서 celastrol은 mitochondria 칼슘이온 uniporter와 IP3 receptor 를 통해 mitochondria 내에 과도한 칼슘이온의 유입을 증가시킴으로써 paraptosis 세포 사멸을 유도할 수 있음을 확인하였으며, 이에 따라 celastrol에 의해 유도되는 paraptosis는 apoptosis의 저항성을 극복하여 유방암의 치료 효과를 증진시킬 수 있을 것이다.-
dc.description.tableofcontentsABSTRACT ⅰ

TABLE OF CONTENT ⅲ

LIST OF FIGURES v

I. INTRODUCTION 1

II. MATERIALS AND METHODS 6

A. Chemicals and antibodies 6

B. Cell culture 7

C. Measurement of cellular viability 7

D. Western blotting 7

E. mRFP-GFP-LC3 transfection 8

F. Immunocytochemistry 8

G. Establishment of the stable cell lines in the fluorescence specifically mitochondria or the endoplasmic reticulum 9

H. Transmission electron microscopy 9

I. Measurement of ROS levels 9

J. Measurement of mitochondrial superoxide anion levels 10

K. Measurement of cytosolic and mitochondrial Ca2+ levels 10

III. RESULTS 11

1. Celastrol induces non-apoptotic cell death and partial apoptosis in human cancer cells 11

2. Celastrol induces non-autophagic cell death in breast cancer cells 16

3. Celastrol induces the swelling of mitochondria and the ER in breast cancer cells 23

4. Release of Ca2+ from the ER via IP3 receptor and mitochondrial Ca2+ influx via uniporter are critical for celastrol-induced paraptosis 37

5. ROS generation is also important for celastrol- induced paraptosis 50

IV. DISCUSSION 60

V. REFERENCES 64

국문요약 77
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dc.language.isoen-
dc.titleCelastrol induces paraptosis-like cell death via mitochondrial Ca2+ overload in breast cancer cells-
dc.title.alternative악성 유방암 세포에서 celastrol 처리시 증가하는 mitochondria 칼슘 이온을 통한 paraptosis 세포 사멸 유도-
dc.typeThesis-
dc.identifier.urlhttp://dcoll.ajou.ac.kr:9080/dcollection/jsp/common/DcLoOrgPer.jsp?sItemId=000000015112-
dc.subject.keywordBreast cancer-
dc.subject.keywordCelastrol-
dc.subject.keywordParaptosis-
dc.subject.keywordROS-
dc.subject.keywordCa²⁺-
dc.subject.keyword유방암-
dc.subject.keyword활성산소종-
dc.subject.keyword칼슘 이온-
dc.description.degreeMaster-
dc.contributor.department대학원 의생명과학과-
dc.contributor.affiliatedAuthor이, 아름-
dc.date.awarded2013-
dc.type.localTheses-
dc.citation.date2013-
dc.embargo.liftdate9999-12-31-
dc.embargo.terms9999-12-31-
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