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Bitter melon extract ameliorates palmitate-induced apoptosis via inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum stress in HepG2 cells and high-fat/high-fructose-diet-induced fatty liver.

Authors
Lee, HJ | Cui, R | Choi, SE  | Jeon, JY  | Kim, HJ  | Kim, TH | Kang, Y  | Lee, KW
Citation
Food & nutrition research, 62. : 1319-1319, 2018
Journal Title
Food & nutrition research
ISSN
1654-66281654-661X
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Bitter melon (BM) improves glucose level, lipid homeostasis, and insulin resistance in vivo. However, the preventive mechanism of BM in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has not been elucidated yet.
AIM & DESIGN: To determine the protective mechanism of bitter melon extract (BME), we performed experiments in vitro and in vivo. BME were treated palmitate (PA)-administrated HepG2 cells. C57BL/6J mice were divided into two groups: high-fat/high-fructose (HF/HFr) without or with BME supplementation (100 mg/kg body weight). Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, apoptosis, and biochemical markers were then examined by western blot and real-time PCR analyses.
RESULTS: BME significantly decreased expression levels of ER-stress markers (including phospho-eIF2α, CHOP, and phospho-JNK [Jun N-terminal kinases]) in PA-treated HepG2 cells. BME also significantly decreased the activity of cleaved caspase-3 (a well known apoptotic-induced molecule) and DNA fragmentation. The effect of BME on ER stress-mediated apoptosis in vitro was similarly observed in HF/HFr-fed mice in vivo. BME significantly reduced HF/HFr-induced hepatic triglyceride (TG) and serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) as markers of hepatic damage in mice. In addition, BME ameliorated HF/HFr-induced serum TG and serum-free fatty acids.
CONCLUSION: These data indicate that BME has protective effects against ER stress mediated apoptosis in HepG2 cells as well as in HF/HFr-induced fatty liver of mouse. Therefore, BME might be useful for preventing and treating NAFLD.
Keywords

DOI
10.29219/fnrv62.1319
PMID
30026676
Appears in Collections:
Journal Papers > School of Medicine / Graduate School of Medicine > Physiology
Journal Papers > School of Medicine / Graduate School of Medicine > Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ajou Authors
강, 엽  |  김, 혜진  |  이, 관우  |  전, 자영  |  최, 성이
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